I’m not referring to autonomous flight. I’m referring to commanded BLOS flight. Also, I’m more concerned on how it all shakes out with the FAA than what ICAO and JARUS think about it.
So don’t LOS yourself. You can mission plan for this. You can(and should) use a visual observer to scan the skies for manned aircraft, keep open flightradar24 (or your favorite tracking app, have an av radio, and coordinate your place in the airspace. UASs are superior to manned aircraft in many ways, to include better imagery resolution, and total time on target. In a hostile environment, it also enables a search to be conducted without subjecting the searcher to those conditions.
In my opinion the main problem is signal strength and C&C integrity and I think this is what FAA or any other administration will be asking operators to certify. For instance, it is very likely that they would require mitigating actions if your C&C radio link goes down in BLOS, and I think
blindness autonomous flight, like people are doing with litchi, won't be an acceptable answer.
The equipments we use right now are only good for the 500 x 120 m cylinder shaped VLOS flight IMO. Remember that it is not only about the C&C signal strength but also that the drone should be equipped with equivalent radio specs plus you need a HD video downlink, all secured against interferences and software crashes. I don't trust my drone to do tasks like BLOS S&R, I don't think it is robust enough. Signal strenght does not decrease
linearly with distance but quadratically.
Also just observers and commercial live trackers won't make it here. Following JARUS standards, in this part of the world it is possible that you will be required to be in contact with ATC during the operation as an acceptable mitigating factor, you as a certified ATC radio operator & RPA pilot, apart from keeping certified observers, and the flight route must be registered in advance, hence no improvisation. Only real time drone tracking by ATC using GSM networks will change this in the future. At the end and following SORA based security indexes, it is very likely that in a restrictive enviroment (urban, air traffic) you will be required to use a military grade FAA/EASA-certified RPA system.
Certified versus not certified systems is key, because in the former case, regulators can put blame on the manufacturer but with uncertified systems it does not matter what your drone did, is all down to pilot error. UAS are superior to manned aircraft in cost and footprint, manned aircraft can be equipped with very sophisticated equipment too. Only in VLOS or in some kind of enhanced VLOS I would risk my drone into search & rescue.