The channels aren't different frequencies, they are digital control "channels" that link a physical control on the transmitter to a specific servo.
In modern RC, the transmitter is a spread spectrum type that doesn't use a single discrete frequency, but hops across all channels in the frequency range.
The control signal is digital now instead of analog tone based like it was in the past.
So in theory, you could transmit as many control "channels" as you wanted if the digital programming is there to link those control "channels" to a specific servo.
Usually the receiver has a limited number of output channels, each one tied to a specific servo connector.
The Phantom 2 transmitter has 6 controls with a 7th control "pot" unused on the back of the controller.
That 7th pot is linked to the camera gimbal pitch control.